·	Excess dead cells blocking the opening to the pore

·	Excess production of facial oil

·	Improper cleansing routine, facial oil not being removed

·	Excess scrubbing of the skin (Scrubs)

·	Use of products/makeup (foundations, sunscreens, and moisturizers) that may contain too much oil

·	Removal of the skin bumps or plugs by a dermatologist or certified beautician or by oneself (if possessing the skills to do so)

·	Use of gentle exfoliants

·	Application of benzoyl peroxide in anti-acne products.

·	Phototherapy with blue/red light

·	Frequent, thorough cleansing of the skin with quality facial products.

·	Removal by using adhesive facial strips.

·	Using a steel blackhead remover tool called a comedo extractor.

·	In cases of severe recalcitrant nodular acne, by the use of the drug Accutane (isotretinoin).